Conjunctivitis (“Pink Eye”)
Conjunctivitis, commonly called “pink eye,” is inflammation of the thin tissue covering the white of the eye and inner eyelids. It may be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergies, or irritants. While most cases are mild, proper diagnosis ensures the right treatment and helps prevent spread—especially in contagious forms.
At The Medical Group of New Jersey, our ophthalmologists evaluate the cause of conjunctivitis, manage symptoms effectively, and guide you on when to return to normal activities.
Symptom Onset & Initial Evaluation
Symptoms often appear suddenly and vary depending on the cause. Common complaints include:
- Eye redness or swelling
- Tearing or watery discharge
- Yellow/green discharge that may cause the eyelids to stick together
- Itching or burning
- Gritty sensation (“sand in the eye”)
- Sensitivity to light
During your visit at The Medical Group of New Jersey, your ophthalmologist will:
- Ask about symptom onset, possible exposures, and recent illnesses
- Assess whether symptoms are likely viral, bacterial, or allergic
- Review your medical history, allergies, and use of contact lenses
- Perform a slit-lamp examination to evaluate the conjunctiva and cornea
- Check vision and rule out more serious causes of red eye
This initial evaluation helps ensure you receive the appropriate treatment and avoid unnecessary medications.
Diagnosis & Risk Assessment
In most cases, conjunctivitis can be diagnosed clinically without extensive testing. Your ophthalmologist may perform:
Clinical Assessment
- Examination of the conjunctiva for swelling, discharge, and inflammation
- Fluorescein dye testing to rule out corneal abrasions or ulcers
- Eyelid and tear duct evaluation
When Additional Testing Is Needed
Swabs, cultures, or PCR testing may be ordered if:
- Symptoms are severe or persistent
- You wear contact lenses (higher risk of corneal infection)
- A sexually transmitted infection (such as chlamydia or gonorrhea) is suspected
- Symptoms do not respond to initial treatment
Risk Factors
Certain factors may increase the likelihood or severity of conjunctivitis:
- Recent viral illness (e.g., cold, flu)
- Allergies or seasonal triggers
- Contact lens wear
- Recent exposure to someone with “pink eye”
- Autoimmune or inflammatory eye disease
Accurate diagnosis guides targeted treatment and prevents complications.
Treatment & Management
Treatment for conjunctivitis depends on the underlying cause. Your ophthalmologist will explain which type you have and outline the best approach.
Viral Conjunctivitis
- Often associated with cold or respiratory infections
- Typically clears on its own in 1 to 2 weeks
- Supportive care: cold compresses, artificial tears, hygiene measures
- Highly contagious: Patients are advised to avoid sharing towels, makeup, or close contact
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
- Treated with prescription antibiotic eye drops or ointments
- Symptoms often improve within 24 to 48 hours
- More common in children, contact lens wearers, and after respiratory infections
Allergic Conjunctivitis
- Triggered by pollen, dust, animal dander, or makeup
- Treated with antihistamine or anti-inflammatory eye drops
- Additional measures: avoiding triggers, cool compresses, and allergy management
Irritant or Chemical Conjunctivitis
- Caused by smoke, chlorine, or environmental irritants
- Treatment includes flushing the eye and avoiding the offending substance
Your ophthalmologist at The Medical Group of New Jersey will provide guidance on hygiene, preventing spread, managing symptoms, and when it is safe to return to work or school.
Monitoring & Follow-Up
Most patients recover fully with appropriate and timely care. Follow-up helps ensure proper healing and prevents complications. Your ophthalmologist will:
- Reassess symptoms if there is no improvement within 48–72 hours
- Monitor contact lens wearers closely due to increased risk of corneal infection
- Evaluate for keratitis (corneal inflammation) if pain or vision changes occur
- Provide a clearance note for school or work when needed
- Adjust treatment if the conjunctivitis is allergic, chronic, or recurrent