Acne Vulgaris
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin conditions, affecting teenagers and adults alike. It develops when oil glands and hair follicles become clogged with excess sebum, dead skin cells, or bacteria.
Acne can appear as blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, or deeper cystic nodules. While often associated with adolescence, many adults experience persistent or hormonally driven breakouts.
At The Medical Group of New Jersey, our dermatologists take a personalized, science-based approach to help patients achieve clearer skin and improved confidence.
Symptom Onset & Initial Evaluation
Acne can present in different forms depending on age, skin type, and hormonal influences. Common signs include:
- Whiteheads or blackheads (comedones) on the face, chest, shoulders, or back
- Red or tender bumps (papules or pustules) that may be painful to touch
- Deep, cystic lesions that can leave scars if untreated
- Flare-ups triggered by hormonal changes, stress, cosmetics, or diet
During your visit, your dermatologist will review your skincare routine, medications, hormone history, and lifestyle habits. They’ll also assess whether your acne is inflammatory, cystic, or hormonal, which guides treatment selection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is clinical, meaning it is based on a physical exam and detailed history. In some cases, your dermatologist may order additional tests such as:
- Hormonal testing (especially in adult women with irregular cycles or excess hair growth)
- Bacterial cultures if acne is resistant to standard treatments
Treatment & Ongoing Management
The goal of treatment is to reduce breakouts, control inflammation, and prevent scarring. Your customized plan may include:
- Topical therapies: Retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and antibiotics to unclog pores and reduce bacteria
- Oral medications: Antibiotics, hormonal therapy (such as birth control pills or spironolactone), or isotretinoin for severe or scarring acne
- Procedural options: Chemical peels, extractions, or light-based therapy to accelerate healing and improve skin texture
- Lifestyle and skincare guidance: Non-comedogenic products, gentle cleansing, and consistent sun protection
Follow-Up & Outlook
Most patients begin noticing improvement within several weeks of consistent treatment. Regular follow-ups allow your dermatologist to adjust medications, minimize side effects, and prevent recurrence. With proper care, acne can be effectively controlled—and in many cases, clear skin can be maintained long-term.