Osteoarthritis (OA)
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, caused by the gradual breakdown of cartilage that cushions and protects the joints. Over time, this wear-and-tear process leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility—most often affecting the knees, hips, hands, and spine.
At The Medical Group of New Jersey, our rheumatologists provide comprehensive evaluation and individualized treatment plans to help patients stay active and maintain quality of life.
Symptom Onset & Initial Evaluation
Osteoarthritis typically develops slowly, with symptoms that may fluctuate over time. Common features include:
- Aching joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest
- Morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes
- Clicking, grinding, or reduced range of motion in affected joints
- Swelling or bony enlargement around the joints
During your initial visit, your rheumatologist will review your symptoms, prior joint injuries, occupational history, and weight changes. A detailed physical exam helps assess joint alignment, strength, and overall stability.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical evaluation and imaging studies to confirm osteoarthritis and rule out other types of arthritis. This may include:
- X-rays to identify cartilage loss, bone spurs (osteophytes), and changes in joint alignment
- MRI or ultrasound when soft-tissue damage or diagnostic uncertainty exists
- Laboratory testing to rule out inflammatory or autoimmune arthritis when symptoms overlap
Treatment & Ongoing Management
Management focuses on relieving pain, improving joint function, and supporting long-term mobility. Treatment plans are tailored to each patient and may include:
- Activity modification and low-impact exercise programs
- Physical therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve function
- Weight management to reduce stress on weight-bearing joints
- Topical or oral NSAIDs for pain and inflammation
- Corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections for selected joints
- Collaboration with orthopedic specialists for joint replacement when conservative options are no longer effective
At The Medical Group of New Jersey, our multidisciplinary team works closely with physical therapy, rehabilitation, and orthopedic partners to provide seamless, patient-centered care for every stage of osteoarthritis.
Follow-Up & Outlook
With consistent care and lifestyle adjustments, most patients experience improved comfort, greater mobility, and a better quality of life. Early intervention and regular follow-up can help slow progression and often delay, or even avoid, the need for surgery.